Implementation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for Assessment of Transportation Infrastructure—Phase III

 Collage of deployed UAVs adn bridge inspections

Building from Phase II of the project, our team has focused on advancing UAS-enabled traffic operations technology, with the goal of providing live, analyzed streaming video to a Traffic Operations Center for traffic monitoring.

Use Case 1: Traffic Analysis

The project team is focusing on traffic data collection, implementing fully automatic online traffic video processing algorithms, development of real-time traffic analytics platforms, and demonstration of UAS potential for real-time traffic monitoring.

Types of traffic studies for data collection, such as trajectory analysis, speed studies, and traffic volume studies
 Types of Traffic Studies

Recorded traffic flow

Use Case 2: Bridge Inspection Assessment

The project team is working with MDOT’s bridge inspection subject matter expert along with colleagues from Collins Engineers to move UAS-enabled assessment methods into MDOT’s inspection process. The Thermal Delamination Detection Algorithm and Spallgorithm (spall detection tool) are being made into operational tools for MDOT. Multiple bridges are being analyzed every year for the duration of the project. Drones used for data collection include the Bergen Hexacopter, DJI Mavic 2 Pro, and Collins Engineers’ Flyability Elios and Falcon 8+.

UAS-enabled assessment methods shown in thermal and high resolution imagery
 Bridge inspection UAS-enabled assessment methods
Showcased in the photos, the Flyability Elios provided by Collins Engineers: The drone is surrounded by a cage with LED lighting for forward illumination, an HD camera and up to 10 minutes of flight time. It helps with imaging hard to access locations around bridges.
Showcased above is the Flyability Elios provided by Collins Engineers: The drone is surrounded by a cage with LED lighting for forward illumination, an HD camera and up to 10 minutes of flight time. It helps with imaging hard to access locations around bridges.

Use Case 3: Construction Inspection

The project team is focusing on continuing to use 3D optical remote sensing at active construction sites to assist field inspectors with timely identification of quantities such as aggregate cut/fills, grade changes, pavement placement data, and before-and-after data for analysis of volumetric needs. Geospatial data will be used to support MDOT’s digital project delivery process, providing accurate input to the design and construction process. During the design phase, data can be used to develop accurate alignment and profile designs using different building information modeling software.

3D optical remote sensing at active construction sites to assist field inspectors with timely identification of quantities such as aggregate cut/fills, grade changes, pavement placement data, and before-and-after data for analysis of volumetric needs
 Using different UAV data types to help extract features at construction sites.

Use Case 4: LiDAR UAS for Design Survey

The project team is working closely  with MDOT to integrate UAS-collected LiDAR data and its outputs (point clouds and DEMs) of road corridors and nearby vegetation into MDOT data sharing tools. The team is meeting with MDOT’s design survey experts to ensure that the road corridor measurements overview, DEMs, and software are of sufficient quality and are well attributed so they can be used for appropriate applications.

integrate UAS-collected LiDAR data and its outputs (point clouds and DEMs) of road corridors and nearby vegetation into MDOT data sharing tools
Integrated UAS-collected LiDAR data and its outputs (point clouds and DEMs) of road corridors and nearby vegetation shown above.

The project team, working closely with partner Surveying Solutions Inc. (SSI) to collected high-resolution UAS-based LiDAR data for the US-23 Connector project in Standish MI. This site was selected based on various criteria such as being previously surveyed to MDOT Design Survey Specifications. Data are being analyzed and compared to existing mobile LiDAR data to assess accuracies for different surface types (hard, soft, vegetated).

Equipment used during Design Survey

images of Riegl miniVUX-1DL, Applanix APX-20x UAV IMU, DJI M600
 Images of Riegl miniVUX-1DL, Applanix APX-20x UAV IMU, DJI M600