Chapter 01—Words and Phrases Defined

Effective Date: 2/26/2016

SEC. 1.1 Words and Phrases

The following words and phrases when used in this ordinance shall for the purpose of this ordinance have the meanings respectively ascribed to them in this chapter.

SEC. 1.001 Alley

"Alley" means any minor thoroughfare used for the purpose of ingress and egress to service adjacent buildings and land.

SEC. 1.002 Authorized Emergency Vehicle

"Authorized emergency vehicle" means vehicles of the Department of Public Safety and Police Services or fire department, police vehicles, ambulances, emergency vehicles of governmental departments, or such vehicles of public service corporations and privately owned motor vehicles of volunteer and paid firemen as are authorized by the commissioner of state police.

SEC. 1.003.a Bicycle

“Bicycle” means a device propelled by human power upon which a person may ride, having either 2 or 3 wheels in a tandem or tricycle arrangement, all of which are over 14 inches in diameter.

SEC. 1.003.b Board of Trustees

“Board of Trustees” means the Board of Control of Michigan Technological University created by Article VIII, Section 6 of the Michigan Constitution of 1963, in which body the government of the University is vested.

SEC. 1.004 Campus

"Campus" means all property, wheresoever situated, owned or held by the Michigan Technological University Board of Trustees in its capacity as the governing board of Michigan Technological University.

SEC. 1.005 Crosswalk

"Crosswalk" means:

  1. That part of a roadway at an intersection included within the connections of the lateral lines of the sidewalks on opposite sides of the street measured from the curbs, or in the absence of curbs, from the edges of the traversable street.
  2. Any portion of a street at an intersection or elsewhere distinctly indicated for pedestrian crossing by lines or other marking on the surface.

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SEC. 1.006 Curb Loading Zone

"Curb loading zone" means a space adjacent to a curb reserved for the exclusive use of vehicles during the loading or unloading of passengers or materials.

SEC. 1.007 Executive Director of Facilities Management and Transportation Services

"Executive Director of Facilities Management and Transportation Services" means that individual who has been duly appointed and is acting as the Executive Director of Facilities Management and Transportation Services of Michigan Technological University.

SEC. 1.008 Driver

"Driver" means every person who drives or is in actual physical control of a vehicle.

SEC. 1.009 Freight Loading Zone

"Freight loading zone" means a space for the exclusive use of vehicles during the loading or unloading of freight.

SEC. 1.1010 Vice President for Administration

"The Vice President for Administration " means the duly appointed Vice President for Administration of Michigan Technological University.

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SEC. 1.011 Intersection

"Intersection" means:

  1. The area embraced within the prolongation or connection of the lateral curb lines, or, if none, then the lateral boundary lines of the roadways of two highways which join one another at, or approximately at, right angles or the area within which vehicles traveling upon different highways joining at any other angle may come in conflict.
  1. Where a highway includes two roadways 30 feet or more apart, then every crossing of each roadway of such divided highway by an intersecting highway shall be regarded as a separate intersection. In the event such intersecting highway also includes two roadways 30 feet or more apart, then every crossing of two roadways of such highways shall be regarded as a separate intersection.

SEC. 1.012 Laned Roadway

"Laned roadway" means a roadway which is divided into two or more clearly marked lanes for vehicular traffic.

SEC. 1.013 Director of the Department of Public Safety and Police Services/Chief of Police

"Director of Department of Public Safety and Police Services/ " means that individual who has been duly appointed and is acting as the Director of Department of Public Safety and Police Services of Michigan Technological University.

SEC. 1.014 Motorcycle

"Motorcycle" means every motor vehicle having a saddle or seat for use of the rider and designed to travel on not more than three wheels in contact with the ground, but excluding a tractor.

SEC. 1.015 Moped

"Moped" means a two or three wheeled vehicle which has a motor with no more than 2.0 brake horse power. A moped may not reach a top speed on a level surface of more than 30 m.p.h. The power drive system shall not require the operator to shift gears.

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SEC. 1.016 Motor Vehicle

"Motor vehicle" means every vehicle which is self-propelled.

SEC. 1.017 Official Time Standard

"Official time standard" means whenever certain hours are named herein they shall mean standard time or daylight-saving time as may be in current use where the violation of this ordinance occurs.

SEC. 1.018 Operator

"Operator" means every person who is in actual physical control of a motor vehicle. “Physical Control” means having the means to initiate any movement of, and being in close proximity to the operating controls of a vehicle.

SEC. 1.019 Parking

"Parking" means a standing vehicle, whether occupied or not.
(Subject, however, to the definition of "stopping").

SEC. 1.020 Parking Meter Zone

"Parking meter zone" means an area adjacent to a parking meter set aside for the exclusive use of vehicles upon valid payment in said parking meter as specified thereon.

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SEC. 1.020(a) Parking Enforcement Officer

“Parking enforcement officer” means that person so designated by the MTU Director of Facilities Management and Transportation Services to assist in the enforcement of the provisions of Chapter 5 of this Ordinance.

SEC. 1.020(b) Parking Enforcement Agent

“Parking Enforcement Agent” means that person so designated by the MTU Director of Facilities Management and Transportation Services to assist in the enforcement of the provisions of Chapter 5 of this Ordinance.

SEC. 1.021 Passenger Loading Zone

"Passenger loading zone" means a place adjacent to a curb reserved for the exclusive use of vehicles during the loading or unloading of passengers.

SEC. 1.022 Pedestrian

"Pedestrian" means any person afoot.

SEC. 1.023 Person

"Person" means every natural person, firm, co-partnership, association, or corporation and their legal successors.

SEC. 1.024 Police Officer

“Police officer” means every sheriff or sheriff's deputy; officer of the police department of any city, village, or township; any officer of the Michigan state police; any officer of the Michigan Technological University Department of Public Safety and Police Services; or any peace officer who is trained and certified pursuant to the Michigan law enforcement officers training council act of 1965, Act No. 203 of the Public Acts of 1965, being sections 28.601 to 28.616 of the Michigan Compiled Laws.

SEC. 1.025 Private Road or Driveway

"Private road or driveway" means every road or driveway not open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular traffic.

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SEC. 1.026 Department of Public Safety and Police Services

"Department of Public Safety and Police Services " means that department of Michigan Technological University heretofore designated and known as the Department of Public Safety and Police Services and which is charged with the keeping of the safety and security of students, faculty members, staff, all persons on the campus of Michigan Technological University for a legitimate purpose and the property of such persons and of Michigan Technological University.

SEC. 1.027 Railroad

"Railroad" means a carrier of persons or property upon cars, other than street cars, operated upon stationary rails.

SEC. 1.028 Right-of-Way

"Right-of-way" means the privilege of the immediate use of the highway.

SEC. 1.029 Roadway

"Roadway" means that portion of a street or highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel.

SEC. 1.030 Safety Zone

"Safety zone" means the area or space officially set apart within a roadway for the exclusive use of pedestrians and which is protected and so marked or indicated by adequate signs as to be plainly visible at all times while set apart as a safety zone.

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SEC. 1.031 Sidewalk

"Sidewalk" means: 1) that portion of a street between the curb lines or the lateral lines of roadway and the adjacent property lines intended for the use of pedestrians; 2) any sidewalk designed, constructed and designated for use by pedestrians on Campus.

SEC. 1.032 Stand or Standing

"Stand or standing" means the halting of a vehicle, whether occupied or not, otherwise than for the purpose of and while actually engaged in receiving or discharging passengers.

SEC. 1.033 Stop

"Stop" when required means complete cessation from movement.

Sec. 1.034 Stop or Stopping

"Stop or stopping" when prohibited means any halting even momentarily of a vehicle, whether occupied or not, except when necessary to avoid conflict with other traffic or in compliance with directions of a police officer or traffic control sign or signal.

SEC. 1.035 Street or Highway

"Street or highway" means the entire width between the boundary lines of every way located on the campus of Michigan Technological University when any part thereof is open to the use of students, faculty, staff and the public for purposes of vehicular travel.

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SEC. 1.036 Tow-away Zone

"Tow-away zone" means a zone where no parking, stopping or standing is permitted as indicated by proper signs, and where vehicles parked in violation of the signs are towed away to keep the roadway clear for traffic movement

SEC. 1.037 Traffic

"Traffic" means pedestrians, vehicles and other conveyances either singly or together while using any street or sidewalk for purposes of travel.

SEC. 1.038 Traffic-Control Devices

"Traffic-control devices" means all signs, signals, markings and devices placed or erected under the authority of this ordinance for the purpose of regulating, warning or guiding traffic.

SEC. 1.039 Traffic Control Signal

"Traffic control signal" means any device whether manually, electrically or mechanically operated by which traffic is alternately directed to stop and to proceed.

SEC. 1.040 Vehicle

"Vehicle" means every device in, upon, or by which any person or property is or may be transported or drawn upon a street, except devices moved by human power.

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SEC. 1.041 Violation Card

"Violation Card " means a complaint or notice upon which a law enforcement or police officer, parking enforcement officer or agent shall record an occurrence involving an alleged violation of this ordinance and includes both a Citation and a Parking Violation Notice issued under Chapter 5 of this ordinance.

SEC. 1.042 Tenses

The present tense includes the past and future tenses; and the future, the present.

SEC. 1.043 Number; Gender

The singular shall include the plural and the plural shall include the singular; the masculine shall include the feminine and neuter, as requisite.

SEC. 1.044 Shall and May

“Shall” and “may” means shall is mandatory and may is permissive.

SEC. 1.045 Snow Vehicle

"Snow vehicle" means any vehicle primarily designed for operation on a snow covered surface which may be propelled by one or more tracks or specially designed wheels, and not licensed for operation on public thoroughfares.

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SEC. 1.046 Civil Infraction

"Civil Infraction" means an act or omission prohibited by ordinance which is not a crime and for which civil sanctions may be ordered.

SEC. 1.047 Parking Violation Notice

"Parking Violation Notice" means a notice upon which a police officer, parking enforcement officer, or a parking enforcement agent shall record an occurrence involving an alleged violation of this ordinance.

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