Disaster Management Plan

Disaster Management Plan

2009-2010

Prepared by the Disaster Management Plan Committee:

Julia Blair, Chair

Liz Badke

Shannon Brodeur

Pattie Luokkanen

Nancy Seely


J. R. Van Pelt and Opie Library

Disaster Management Plan

I. Statement of Purpose

This Disaster Plan is intended to provide the Library with a set of procedures, guidelines, and priorities for staff and disaster responders before, during, and after an emergency situation or disaster. This disaster response strategy will dovetail with the Michigan Technological University policies without redundancy or contradictory procedures. This plan is a “living document,” subject to review every two years and changed as needed in response to emergency drills, changes within the Library, and post-disaster assessment in the event of a true disaster.

The J. Robert Van Pelt and Opie Library recognizes its responsibility to maintain a state of preparedness in the event of an emergency or disaster that threatens staff, patrons, collections, or the building. By their nature, emergencies occur without warning, and damage to a collection can continue unchecked even after an emergency situation has passed. The first 48 hours following a disaster may cause more destruction to a library’s holdings than the initial disaster. This plan establishes procedures for damage mitigation, post-disaster treatment, and conservation of materials. Resources for the recovery and salvage phases of an emergency are contained in this plan.

Michigan Technological University defines an emergency as “any situation posing a threat to the building, its occupants, or the environment, including the public water treatment system, which is beyond the ability of the building occupants to safely control.” (MICHIGAN TECH Operating Procedure Manual, Section 18.3)

Possible emergency situations addressed by this plan:

· Flood or water leak

· Fire, including explosion

· Wind

· Chemical or toxic spill

Print copies of the plan have been placed with:

· Director’s Office

· Department Heads

· Circulation Desk

· Occupational Safety and Health Services

Electronic copies of the Disaster Plan may also be found at:

· The Library’s website

· The Common area of the Library’s server (S:\ drive)


II. Emergency Numbers

Carol Makkonen, Financial & Operations Manager 231-3480

Public Safety 911


III. Key Personnel

The Library Director has designated the following individuals as the Disaster Response Team:

· Carol Makkonen, Financial & Operations Manager

· Julie Blair, Assistant Archivist

The Library Director will set forth a clear chain of command in response to the specific conditions of any emergency/disaster situation.

Mock disaster response drills and in-house training will take place during a designated Safety Week.

Keys to areas that may be restricted or locked are held by:

1. Circulation Desk – keys to Garden Level (basement) Special Collections area.

2. Erik Nordberg, University Archivist, Julie Blair, Assistant Archivist, and Christine Holland, Library Assistant – keys to the main Archives entrance and to the Archives storage area.

3. Ellen Seidel, Interim Director, Carol Makkonen, Financial and Operations Manager, and Shannon Brodeur, Office Assistant- master keys to all locked areas.


IV. Disaster Management Procedures

A. Following a Building Evacuation

No one may enter the building until it is declared safe by the Facilities Management and Occupational Safety & Health Services (OSHS).

Once it is safe to enter the building, the disaster response team leader will:

1. Secure the area, cordoning off the affected areas in order to prevent possible injury to staff and patrons.

2. Stabilize environment

· In winter open windows and doors to lower temperature as much as possible but not below 32 degrees.

· Call Central Heating Plant (CHP) at (906) 487-2707 and request to have the heat shut off if possible. Circulate air with fans.

· In summer request CHP to lower temperature as much as possible. Circulate air with fans.

· Try to lower humidity as rapidly as possible.

· Bring in de-humidifiers. Mop up water as soon as possible after source of water damage has been located and incoming water stopped.

3. Survey extent of damage

· Make notes describing the scene, including approximate number of books affected, and condition of the stacks (braced or leaning).

· Photograph the scene. See Appendix D for a Damage Assessment Form.

4. Formulate a plan of action and determine immediate supply needs and action priorities

· Delegate responsibilities.

· Appoint a person to meet and direct arrivals of off-site supplies and personnel.

· Appoint a person to secure the perimeter from sightseers.

· Set up a central communications post.

· Establish a work area to receive salvage material.

5. Make arrangements for equipment and supplies.

6. Make arrangements for additional staff to help in removing wet materials from area.


B. Collection Priorities

Remove undamaged but threatened material first.

Salvage priorities are based on the following criteria:

· Availability and replacement cost

· Cost of replacement versus cost of restoration

· Importance to the collection

· Availability of items in other libraries

1. Main Collection – 3rd Floor

First Priority:

LD3300’s older theses & dissertations

TN1-TN23

TN140’s

Michigan Documents: HE356 & HE2700’s

Soil Surveys

UP topographic maps in drawers

Second Priority:

Everything else

2. Main Collection – 2nd Floor

First Priority:

Government Document’s microfilm/microfiche

N 31 .D5 1996 REF Dictionary of Art

N 31 .E5 REF Encyclopedia of World Art

QL 681 .B57 REF Birds of North America

Second Priority:

LC microfilm/microfiche

T 8 .E6 INDX Industrial Arts Index

US Docs core collection

Within Reference: Q’s, T’s

Third Priority:

Atlases

Rest of index collection

Rest of reference collection

US Docs CDs

3. Main Collection – 1st Floor

Third Priority:

Everything including artwork throughout the building

4. Main Collection – Garden Level (Basement)

First Priority:

Old annex serials along the walls

Serials QC173 .N8838 Atomic Data & Nuclear Data Tables

Serials pre 1930’s particularly in the T’s

Serials TN1-TN20

Special Collection: non-Gov Docs

Special Collection: Serial Set leather

Second Priority:

Rest of serials collection

Special Collection: Field Operations of the Bureau of Soils

Special Collection: SI 2.3

Third Priority

Research Help Desk collection

Special Collection: Serials set non-leather

5. Archives –Garden Level (Basement)

First Priority:

Calumet & Hecla Mining Company (MS-002) Employment Records

Boxes 365/001 – 365/025

Boxes 366 – 386

Quincy Mining Company (MS-001) Employment Records

Boxes 287 – 316

Quincy Mining Company (MS-001) 1854 Contract Book

Item 261/001

Keweenaw County Naturalization Records (RG 96-219)

Volumes 1 – 11

Boxes 1 – 3

Gogebic County Naturalization Records (RG 90-182)

Volumes 1 – 43

Boxes 1 – 11

Houghton County Circuit Court Case Files

Second Priority:

Reeder Photographic Collection

Archives Negative Collection

Keweenaw Historical Society Collection

Drier Collection

Quincy Mining Company Collection (MS-001)

Calumet & Hecla Mining Company Collection (MS-002)

Map/Oversize Collection

Copper Range Company Collections

Third Priority

All other manuscript collections

Book collection

Microfilm collections

Photo & vertical files

C. Delayed Salvage

· Unsafe Areas

If an area that has been declared unsafe to enter contains material that has been previously identified as being especially vulnerable to destruction, or is extremely valuable, Facilities Management or OSHS personnel will provide a safe means of access to remove these materials, even though the area is still considered hazardous.

· Mold

If access to an area has been delayed for several days, mold development may already have started. If there is a large amount of material it may be necessary to use fungicidal fogging. Fogging should be done by a professional fumigator.

(See Appendix E for available conservators)

D. Computer Equipment

Call SAS at 487-3636 to report failure of individual office workstations or an emergency in an office area which jeopardizes computer equipment.

In the event of a central system failure or any emergency (electrical, plumbing, etc) which could cause the failure of a central system, contact the Library Director’s Office at 487-2500.

E. Water Damage

Wet paper is extremely fragile and may tear at a touch. Any wet material should be handled as little as possible.

Moist paper combined with warmth provides an ideal condition for the growth of mold. In order to prevent mold from developing, it is absolutely essential to stabilize water damaged materials within 48-72 hours. Weather is critical. When it is hot and humid, 48 hours is the maximum safe period. When the weather is cold a bit more time can be taken, but should not go beyond 72 hours. Mold will not grow without warmth and exposure to air. Damp books are even more susceptible to mold than wet ones.

All books, even those apparently dry, should be removed from the affected area and examined carefully. They should be stored in an area with good air circulation, air conditioning, and with low humidity. All books should be thoroughly dry and be checked for mold before they are returned to their places.

1. Retrieving Materials

· If water damage is the result of extinguishing a fire, warn staff to watch for hot spots. Always feel something before opening.

· Never retrieve items if it means endangering life or other material.

· Establish a location for wrapping and packing wet materials into crates or boxes. Move tables into area to provide work surfaces. Cover tables with plastic.

· Establish a human chain from the location of books to the wrapping and packing site. If distance is too far for human chain, establish book truck convoys to move materials (cover trucks with plastic).

· A team member should be at the head of the chain. This team member should make rough priority and sorting decisions regarding treatment to follow:

a) Separate coated from non-coated materials.

b) Separate books that are so wet that they need interleaving from damp books that can be air dried.

c) In a disaster involving hundreds of volumes, the decision to freeze or air dry may best be made here, directing books to two separate processing chains.

· The disaster response team leader should not become personally engaged in tasks which prevent them from attending to different areas of the salvage operation as needed.

2. Priorities for Moving Materials from Area

· If books have fallen from shelves and are lying in water, retrieve these first. Water on floor should be removed as rapidly as possible to reduce humidity.

· Remove coated books before others.

· Remove any boxes of materials from floor.

· Remove wettest books next. This will also aid in reducing humidity.

· Soaked carpet should be removed promptly. If carpet lies under shelving ranges it must be cut.

3. Precautions

· Books that are to be frozen should be kept closed to minimize warping.

· Books with coated paper should not be allowed to dry out until they are interleaved or frozen. It is better to allow them to stay wet if they cannot be stabilized promptly.

· Do not empty cardboard boxes if they are very wet. Freeze as is.

· Always remember that reducing the cost of future restoration must be one of the top priorities of the salvage operation.

4. Washing Methods for Muddy Books

Washing muddy or dirty books is rarely possible because of lack of time.

· No untrained person should ever be allowed to wash water-damaged materials.

· Never wash books if time is critical.

· Never UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES wash material that contains water soluble materials such as non-permanent ink, water colors, tempura, etc.

This method requires a large room with plumbing and adequate drainage.

· Install hoses feeding to bottoms of 6-8 (20 gallon) plastic garbage cans to:

a) keep water running

b) keep dirt overflowing out

· Keep books tightly closed (do not open books – they will fall apart).

· Gently sponge under water (daub – do not rub or brush – this will only drive dirt deeper!).

· Move books from can to can in successively cleaner water.

· Spray with fine stream of water at end of procedure.

· Press out water with hands (do not use mechanical presses).

· Dry or freeze.

NOTE:

Do not attempt this method with open volumes, manuscripts, books printed on coated paper, art on paper, or photographs. The washing of materials containing water-soluble components, such as inks, water-colors, tempera, dyes used in certain maps, and the like, should not be attempted under any circumstances. Seek the guidance of an expert.

5. Drying Material

If the books are dirty, they should be cleaned. See previous section on washing.

Costs involved with drying and restoring materials are not always justified if material is in print and is replaceable. Decisions should be made at this point before washing. After drying, further decisions may be made whether replacement or restoration will be needed. Replacement if possible is nearly always cheaper than restoration. If the water damaged material was infected by mold before freezing, it should be sent to a commercial disaster recovery company to be sterilized by fogging with a fungicide.

Drying Techniques/Options

· Freeze-drying and vacuum-drying

Freeze-drying causes the water in materials to pass from the frozen to the vapor phase without going through the liquid phase. The moisture becomes volatile and mixes with air. Air is circulated to remove the moisture. Vacuum-drying generally is understood to mean that frozen liquid passes through a liquid state before it is removed by air absorption. The Keweenaw National Historical Park has freeze-drying equipment (see Appendix D).

· Air-drying

Air-drying should be done in a large open workspace. There should be constant air circulation and dehumidification. Temperatures should be maintained at 65-70 degrees F. (maximum) with a relative humidity of 35-45% (maximum). Frequent readings of temperature and humidity should be taken. Moisture content in the drying materials can also be measured.

Wet wrappings and blotting materials should be removed from the room as fast as possible in order to keep the humidity down.

If the books are contorted, they should be remolded into shape before drying. Wet materials should be separated into small units so that air will flow freely around them. The smaller piles will also prevent crushing of the materials on the bottom.

Drain books by standing them on their heads (less strain on the spine) with their covers spread sufficiently to make them stand up. Styrofoam or foam rubber supports can be used to help the books stand. Their pages should not be fanned. Each book should stand on a piece of absorbent paper. These should be changed frequently and removed from the room.

When dried sufficiently to be opened without damage, the book may be interleaved with absorbent sheets.

When opening the books, take considerable care, keeping the opening shallow at first. Interleaving materials and absorbent papers under the books should be removed and changed often. After the interleaving has been changed a few times, the books will be almost dry. At this point they may be laid flat under moderate pressure to reduce cockling and warping.

If desired, partially dry books may be hung over nylon lines to finish drying. (They should not be hung when very wet because they will be damaged further). Hanging will help to restore the spine to its original shape. Spines tend to become concave due to the swelling of the leaves by water and the subsequent interleaving process. Never stack drying books.

Books should not be returned immediately to the shelves. They should be shelved in a holding area with 35-45% humidity, separate from the stack area. This area should be well-ventilated and air-conditioned, with a temperature not to exceed 65 degrees F. Temperature and humidity must be adjustable. There, the books can be inspected for further repair, rebinding, or restoration needs. Random inspection for mold infestation can also take place at this time. Newly-dried materials should never be packed in boxes unattended for more than a day or two. Books should remain in the holding area at least 6 months before returning them to the main stack area. During this time, temperature and humidity can be slowly changed to duplicate stack conditions. The books should be carefully inspected before their return to the stacks.

The shelves should be thoroughly washed with disinfectant, including the corners, bottoms, and sides of the shelves.

Do not move materials back until the shelves are completely dry and the temperature and humidity have been restored and maintained for several days. Then, the books may be reshelved in the collections.

6. Freezing Materials

Purpose of freezing:

· Stabilization by freezing buys time. After freezing, decisions can be made about determining which items to replace rather than restore.

· Freezing stabilizes water soluble materials, such as inks, dyes, etc.

· Freezing is not a drying method, nor will it kill mold spores, but it will keep spores dormant.

Suggested priority for freezing:

· Materials that have developed mold

· Leather and vellum bound volumes

· Manuscripts and art on paper stock

· Materials on coated stock

· Journals & monographs on non-coated stock

Packing materials for freezing:

· If cardboard boxes are used, line with plastic or freezer paper.

· Wrap each book in freezer paper to prevent items from sticking together. Leave the tops and bottoms of books unwrapped to facilitate drying.

· Books should be wrapped and packed in the best shape and condition possible. However, if misshapen and warped item cannot be put into better shape without damage, wrap and freeze as is.

· Pack books SPINE DOWN, or on the side, never fore-edge down.

· Do not pack material too tightly.

· Packaged material waiting transportation to freezers should be kept at 4 degrees F. or below in order to prevent mold growth.

Shipping frozen materials:

· Load boxed material onto wooden pallets or skids if available for ease in transportation and to provide air spaces under boxes. Trucks should be backed up to loading dock.

· Load material in truck so that air can circulate between containers.

· Include instruction that materials should be frozen rapidly at the freezer facility to -20 degrees F. or below to create the smallest possible ice crystals.

F. Fire

1. Immediate Response

All fires, no matter how small, must be reported to the Director’s Office – 487-2500.

Anyone discovering a fire should:

· Activate a fire alarm. Alarms are located near the exits of all campus buildings.

· Get out immediately. If you can do so safely, grab your coat and/or purse and assist anyone in immediate danger.

· On your way out, close doors to prevent the fire from spreading.

· Use stairs—not elevators—and leave the building.

· Call 911; tell the operator as much as you can about the fire, including its location.

· Meet your coworkers outside at one of the Library’s two predetermined locations. If anyone is unaccounted for, notify emergency responders.

a. Clock kiosk outside the MUB

b. Leaning tree in front of EERC

· Keep entrances clear, so others may escape and emergency workers can enter the building.

2. Fire Extinguishers

Staff and patrons should not try to extinguish a fire unless the fire is small and they are trained in operating the fire extinguisher. When the fire extinguisher is operated, the extinguishing agent is expelled by a continuous stream of pressure. Do not throw the fire extinguisher into the fire–it may explode.

3. Elevators

Elevators should not be used in a fire emergency, as the heat and intensity of the fire could disable the equipment.

4. Working with Fire Department

· Once the fire department has arrived, the Disaster Response Team Leader should notify the fire chief in charge to indicate the importance of certain areas and materials which are irreplaceable or fragile. This may enable the fire department to limit water and smoke damage by using tarp where they can.

· After Facilities Management and OSHS have given permission to re-enter the building, every effort should be made to contact the Director.

· Upon leaving the building, staff should assemble at a safe distance and await further instructions. The Library’s two rendezvous points are:

a. The clock kiosk by the MUB

b. The leaning tree near EERC

5. Re-entering the Building

No one may enter the building until it is declared safe by the Facilities Management and Occupational Safety & Health Services (OSHS).

Once it is safe to enter the building:

A. Secure the area, cordoning off the affected ranges in order to prevent possible injury to staff and patrons.

B. Stabilize environment. There is likely to be water damage as a result of fire suppression systems and the Fire Department’s efforts.

· In winter open windows and doors to lower temperature as much as possible but not below 32 degrees.

· Call Central Heating Plant (CHP) at (906) 487-2707 and request to have the heat shut off if possible. Circulate air with fans.

· In summer request CHP to lower temperature as much as possible. Circulate air with fans.

· Try to lower humidity as rapidly as possible. Bring in de-humidifiers. Mop up water as soon as possible after source of water damage has been located and incoming water stopped.

C. Survey extent of damage. Make notes describing the scene, including number of ranges and approximate number of books affected, condition of the stacks (braced or leaning). This is a good time to photograph the scene if a camera and film are available. See Appendix D for a Damage Assessment Form.

D. Formulate a plan of action and determine immediate supply needs and action priorities.

· Delegate responsibilities.

· Appoint a person to meet and direct arrivals of off-site supplies and personnel.

· Appoint a person to secure the perimeter from sightseers.

· Set up a central communications post.

· Establish a work area to receive salvage material.

E. Make arrangements for equipment and supplies.

F. Make arrangements for additional staff to help in removing wet materials from area.

G. Wind and Storms

The main Library building can probably withstand most windstorms without damage. Shattered windows would be the most likely result if there were a direct hit by a tornado. It is unlikely, even in a major tornado, that there would be any structural collapse. However, loss of glass combined with rain and strong winds has the potential of more damage to the collection than any other cause.

Facilities Management is responsible for removal of glass.

H. Hazardous Spills

Hazardous spills in the Library are rare but can pose a serious health risk in some cases. Report all such spills to the Director’s Office (487-2500). They will contact OSHS or Public Safety and request a cleanup.

· Notify others working in the area of the spill and evacuate immediately.

· Close the doors leading to the spill area and restrict access to the spill area.

· Assist contaminated persons to a safety shower (shower rooms are located on Garden Level. The key may be obtained at the Circulation Desk). Avoid contaminating yourself.

· Immediately notify the Director’s Office (487-2500) and your supervisor.

· Only members of a hazardous materials response team should clean up hazardous material spills.

· After the cleanup is complete, an incident report of how the spill occurred must be submitted to Occupational Safety and Health Services by the Director’s Office in cooperation with the department.

I. Collapsed Book Shelves

Clear the area of staff and patrons near collapsed stack to insure personal safety.

· Cordon off the area, if possible

· If anyone is injured immediate steps should be taken to secure medical aid

· Call Director’s Office (487-2500) for assistance

· Call Collections (487-3064)

Take no further action until Facilities Management arrives.

V. Procedures for Handling Non-Book Materials

A. Photographs, Slides, Microforms

Most photographs can be saved from water and smoke damage but not fire damage as the emulsion layer will melt from the heat.

· Do not freeze microfilm, microfiche, or color slides unless they cannot be dried professionally.  Ice crystals may rupture the emulsion layer leaving marks on the film.

· Handle photographs by the edges only. The emulsion layer is easily damaged. Dry photographs should be handled with white cotton gloves to prevent damage from skin oils.

· Seal black and white negative film and prints in polyethylene bags and place in non-metal garbage cans under clean, cold running water until material can be shipped. Material can be left under these conditions for up to three days before the emulsion will separate from film backing.

· Materials should be shipped to laboratory in cold water.  For a trip of several hours it may be necessary to add ice (not dry ice) to keep it cold.

· If material has to be frozen, use a blast freezer (see Section XI. Appendix E, Emergency Service Providers). It should be done as rapidly as possible, forming small ice crystals. Small crystals cause less damage than large crystals during the drying process.

If a small number of photographs are water damaged, they can be treated in-house; if the situation is more serious, like severe smoke damage or staining, consult a professional photo conservator.

· Retain all bibliographic information.

· Try to separate photographs from one another ONLY if the emulsion layers (image side) are not sticking to each other.

· If a damaged photograph is in a frame, attempt to remove it only if the emulsion layer is not stuck to the glass; if so, leave the photograph in place and contact a professional photograph conservator.

· Rinse muddy photographs in COLD CLEAN RUNNING water. Because items must remain wet prior to air drying or blast freezing, some damaged items may need short term immersion in COLD CLEAN RUNNING water contained in trays, or large PLASTIC (not metals as the chemicals may react) garbage containers. Agitate the water periodically and remove to dry after 30 minutes. If necessary, most non-color photographic processes can withstand immersion in water for up to 72 hours without serious damage. Color photographs can only be immersed in water up to 48 hours before the colors start to separate.

· Remove photograph from the clean water and place it IMAGE SIDE UP on a rigid support like plexiglass, glass, or stiff cardboard.

· Tilt the photograph (on the support) to allow excess water to run off.

· Spread the photographs out face up on clean blotting paper or paper towels to air dry in a clean dry area. Some photographs will curl when drying. Consult a photograph conservator to flatten them after they are dry.


B. Framed Photographs

· Remove from frames at once so photographs will not stick to frames.

· Lay photos between blotters to dry.0

C. Single Sheets (paper)

· Do not attempt to separate single sheets.  Normally frozen “as is” and separated later, after vacuum or freeze drying.

· DO NOT ATTEMPT to sponge off mold.

D. Materials in Drawers and Boxes, Including Archival Storage Boxes

· Do not turn wet manuscript boxes upside down to empty, as the contents could stick to container and be torn.

· If contents are thoroughly wet, freeze contents and containers as is.

· If materials are damp and will not be damaged by handling, repack into dry boxes before freezing.  If in doubt, freeze boxes as found.

E. Floppy Disks

· Avoid touching magnetic surfaces of diskettes.

· Keep wet and pack immediately. Pack vertically in plastic crate or tub.

· Air dry as soon as possible.

F. Compact Disks

· Air dry disks immediately. Do not scratch the surface.

· If disks cannot be dried immediately, pack vertically in crates or cardboard cartons.

G. Audio and Video Tapes

· Rinse soil and mud off tapes. Dry within 48 hours if they include paper boxes and labels. Otherwise they can stay wet for several days.

· Do not freeze.

· Do not touch magnetic media with bare hands.

· Handle open reels by hubs or reels.

· Air dry. Preservation copying may be necessary.

· Keep all labels and identifying marks with the tapes.

H. Phonograph Records

· Remove disks from wet or damaged jackets. Always hold disks by their edges.

· Wipe disks gently with a soft, lint-free cloth and place in a rack to dry in a low dust environment. If disks are heavily soiled, wash gently in clean water (room temperature or slightly cooler) without any soap added. Air dry. Do not use paper towels. Take care that labels are not lost or damaged.

I. Parchment or Vellum

· Immediately air-dry, vacuum-dry, or freeze-dry. Moisture causes these materials to cockle.

· Seek advice of professional conservator regarding flattening.

J. Maps and Framed Prints

· Sponge standing water out of map drawers.

· Remove the drawers from the cabinet and freeze them stacked up with 1″ x 2″ strips of wood between each drawer.

· Freeze or dry within 48 hours.

· Don’t separate single sheets.

· Pack in map drawers, bread trays, flat boxes or polyethylene covered plywood.

VI. Post-Disaster Process

Only after the disaster area is repaired, cleaned, and disinfected can collections be returned to their proper locations. All materials must be absolutely dry and free of mold before any items are shelved. In addition, Collection Management should examine all collections on a regular basis, daily in the first few weeks and biweekly after that, for at least a year following their return to the library to ensure that mold development does not occur.

A. Restoring Service

· After the salvage effort has been completed, attention must be turned toward the restoration of services. It is advisable at this point to establish a series of flexible short-term and long-range goals.

· The library should reopen immediately, if possible. Based upon circumstances, a reduced level of service should be defined, and all levels of patrons should be informed of the continuing operation of the library.

· Information Technology Services & Security (ITSS) is capable of restoring access to data from the Sun servers to new workstations within 48 hours of system failure. This includes the Library’s catalog Voyager, SFX, proxy server, and file servers.

· System Administration Services (SAS) is responsible for restoring the Library servers and workstation PCs.

B. Follow-Up

· As soon as possible after the occurrence, the Disaster Response Team should thoroughly review the disaster, its causes, and the recovery process, and submit a report to the Library Director.

· Recommendations for the prevention of future disasters. Any revisions that need to be made to the Disaster Plan that would allow for a more effective recovery operation should also be added at this time.

· Every person involved in the disaster recovery should receive a letter of thanks for their participation at a much-needed time.

· Emergency service providers should be evaluated and, if inadequate, new ones should be found.

· Used supplies should be replaced.

· Site inspections should continue periodically for a year to be sure that no mold has begun to grow.